{"id":5281,"date":"2022-12-28T12:58:04","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T09:58:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/?p=5281"},"modified":"2024-07-08T16:30:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-08T13:30:59","slug":"tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi Nedir? Ger\u00e7ek Ki\u015fiyle Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Modern toplumlar\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde, bireyler ve kurulu\u015flar \u00e7e\u015fitli hukuki stat\u00fclere sahiptir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi kavramlar\u0131 da bu stat\u00fclerden biridir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki farklar, hem bireyler hem de i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r ve bu farklar\u0131 bilmek, hukuki hak ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 daha iyi anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. \u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve toplumsal hayat\u0131m\u0131zda s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan farkl\u0131 stat\u00fcler ayn\u0131 zamanda hukuki s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde do\u011fru ad\u0131mlar atman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar. Peki, bir insan\u0131n birey olarak sahip oldu\u011fu hukuki kimlik ile bir \u015firketin ya da derne\u011fin sahip oldu\u011fu hukuki kimlik aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir fark vard\u0131r? \u0130nsanlar do\u011fduklar\u0131nda otomatik olarak ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi olurken bir \u015firketin veya kurulu\u015fun t\u00fczel ki\u015fi stat\u00fcs\u00fcne nas\u0131l ge\u00e7er? Gelin, hukuk d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda do\u011fru ad\u0131mlar ataman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan bu kavramlar\u0131 birlikte inceleyelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Tuzel_Kisi_Nedir\" >T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Gercek_Kisi_Nedir\" >Ger\u00e7ek Ki\u015fi Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Gercek_ve_Tuzel_Kisi_Arasindaki_Fark_Nedir\" >Ger\u00e7ek ve T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Tuzel_Kisi_Ornekleri_Nelerdir\" >T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00d6rnekleri Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Tuzel_Kisi_Turleri_Nelerdir\" >T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Kamu_Tuzel_Kisileri\" >Kamu T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Ozel_Hukuk_Tuzel_Kisileri\" >\u00d6zel Hukuk T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Tuzel_Kisi_Unvani_Nasil_Alinir\" >T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00dcnvan\u0131 Nas\u0131l Al\u0131n\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\" >S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Anonim_Sirketler_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\" >Anonim \u015eirketler T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Limited_Sirket_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\" >Limited \u015eirket T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Kimler_Tuzel_Kisi_Unvani_Alabilir\" >Kimler T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00dcnvan\u0131 Alabilir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/tuzel-kisi-nedir-gercek-kisiyle-arasindaki-fark\/#Adi_Sirket_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\" >Adi \u015eirket T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuzel_Kisi_Nedir\"><\/span>T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015fi, hukuki olarak bir varl\u0131k olarak kabul edilen, belirli amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, insanlar\u0131n bir araya gelerek kurdu\u011fu organizasyonlard\u0131r. T\u00fczel ki\u015filer, kendi adlar\u0131na hak ya da bor\u00e7 sahibi olabilir, dava a\u00e7abilir, aleyhlerine dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fczel ki\u015filer, belirli bir yap\u0131s\u0131 ve amac\u0131 olan ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu topluluklar veya varl\u0131klar olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015filer, hukuki ki\u015filik kazanarak belirli hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri olan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z varl\u0131k olarak hareket eder. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla birey gibi hukuki i\u015flemler yapabilirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u015firket, bina sat\u0131n alabilir, s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapabilir veya dava a\u00e7abilir. Bu i\u015flemleri \u015firketin y\u00f6neticileri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir, ancak hukuki olarak bu i\u015flemler \u015firketin kendisi ad\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gercek_Kisi_Nedir\"><\/span>Ger\u00e7ek Ki\u015fi Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi, hukuken varl\u0131k sahibi olan bireylere verilen isimdir. Yani do\u011fumdan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar t\u00fcm bireyler, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi olarak kabul edilir. T\u00fcm hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklere sahip olup kendi adlar\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapabilen ki\u015filerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; birey olarak m\u00fclk sat\u0131n alabilir, i\u015fe girebilir veya dava a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerin hukuki ki\u015fili\u011fi, do\u011fum ile ba\u015flar, \u00f6l\u00fcm ile sona erer. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda, hukuki kapasiteye sahip olduklar\u0131ndan kendi iradeleriyle \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemler yapabilir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerin haklar\u0131 ise medeni kanunlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde belirlendi\u011finden s\u00f6z konusu haklar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00f6zg\u00fcrce hareket edebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gercek_ve_Tuzel_Kisi_Arasindaki_Fark_Nedir\"><\/span>Ger\u00e7ek ve T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi kavramlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda baz\u0131 temel farklar bulunur. En belirgin fark, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filer bireylerden olu\u015furken t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin birden fazla bireyin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kurumlar olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filer do\u011fum ile varl\u0131k kazan\u0131p \u00f6l\u00fcm ile varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken t\u00fczel ki\u015filer belirli hukuki i\u015flemle kurulur, yine belirli hukuki i\u015flemle sona erer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer \u00f6nemli fark, hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin yerine getirilme \u015feklidir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filer, kendi adlar\u0131na hareket eder, kendi iradeleri do\u011frultusunda karar al\u0131r. T\u00fczel ki\u015filer ise kendi adlar\u0131na hak ve bor\u00e7 sahibi olabilir, ancak bu i\u015flemleri y\u00f6neticileri veya temsilcileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirler. \u00d6te yandan t\u00fczel ki\u015filer, belirli bir ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda kurulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda faaliyet g\u00f6sterir, genellikle bu faaliyetlerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in belirli kurallara, yap\u0131ya sahip olurlar. Yani t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7er\u00e7evesi bellidir, belirli yap\u0131 i\u00e7inde hareket edebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuzel_Kisi_Ornekleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00d6rnekleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015fi kavram\u0131, hukuki d\u00fcnyada geni\u015f bir yelpazeyi kapsar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda kurulmu\u015f bir\u00e7ok organizasyonu i\u00e7erir. Bu kavram\u0131n somut \u00f6rneklerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n hemen her alan\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan bir\u00e7ok kurulu\u015f g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin; ticari hayatta en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan t\u00fczel ki\u015fi t\u00fcrlerinden biri \u015firketlerdir. <a href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/tr\/anonim-sirket\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Anonim \u015firketler<\/a> (A.\u015e.), <a href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/tr\/limited-sirket\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">limited \u015firketler<\/a> (Ltd. \u015eti.), <a href=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/komandit-sirket-nedir-hangi-belgeler-gerekli\/\">komandit \u015firketler<\/a> ve kolektif \u015firketler gibi bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 yap\u0131da \u015firket mevcuttur. Her biri belirli sermaye ile kurulur, ekonomik faaliyetlerde bulunur. \u015eirketler, yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabilir, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya hizmet satabilir, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yapabilir ve \u00e7e\u015fitli ticari faaliyetlerde bulunabilir. T\u00fcm i\u015flemler ise \u015firketin t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015firketin mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etki eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel veya sportif ama\u00e7larla kurulan dernekler de t\u00fczel ki\u015filiktir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; spor kul\u00fcpleri, \u00e7evre koruma dernekleri, yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131, \u00fcyelerinin ortak hedefleri do\u011frultusunda faaliyet g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6te yandan e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alanlar\u0131nda toplumsal fayda sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kurulan vak\u0131flar t\u00fczel ki\u015fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirilir. E\u011fitim vak\u0131flar\u0131, burslar verirken sa\u011fl\u0131k vak\u0131flar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri sunar. Kooperatifler ise ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla kurulan t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tar\u0131m kooperatifleri, konut yap\u0131 kooperatifleri, t\u00fcketim kooperatifleri gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarda faaliyet g\u00f6sterenler \u00fcyelerinin ortak ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere organize edilir. Ancak t\u00fczel ki\u015filer sadece \u015firket stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde olmak zorunda de\u011fildir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; belediyeler, kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri, devlet \u00fcniversiteleri gibi devlet taraf\u0131ndan kurulan, y\u00f6netilen kurulu\u015flar da kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri olarak kabul edilir. S\u00f6z konusu kurumlar, kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla faaliyet g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"t\u00fczel ki\u015fi \u00f6rnekleri\" class=\"wp-image-7539\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri-1536x878.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tuzel-kisi-ornekleri.jpg 1792w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuzel_Kisi_Turleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span>T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015fi t\u00fcrleri, kurulu\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ve hukuki stat\u00fclerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Bu t\u00fcrler, kurulu\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, \u00f6zel hukuk t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri olmak \u00fczere genel olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Her biri farkl\u0131 sosyal \/ ekonomik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak, \u00f6zel hukuki d\u00fczenlemelere uygun olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130ki t\u00fcre ayr\u0131lan t\u00fczel ki\u015filer ise t\u00fczel ki\u015fi stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn sundu\u011fu hukuki avantajlar\u0131, sorumluluklar\u0131 farkl\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lara g\u00f6re optimize etmeyi sa\u011flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u015firketler ticari faaliyetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken dernekler sosyal veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hizmetler sunar. Bu nedenle, t\u00fczel ki\u015fi t\u00fcrleri, hukuki d\u00fczenlemelerin esnekli\u011fini art\u0131rarak toplumsal, ekonomik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 daha etkin \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kamu T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6zel Hukuk T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamu_Tuzel_Kisileri\"><\/span>Kamu T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Devlet veya kamu otoriteleri taraf\u0131ndan kurulan, kamu yarar\u0131na hizmet eden kurulu\u015flar kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fileridir. Bu t\u00fcr t\u00fczel ki\u015filere \u00f6rnek olarak belediyeler, devlet \u00fcniversiteleri ve kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri g\u00f6sterilebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc genellikle kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla faaliyet g\u00f6sterir. S\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filer, devletin veya kamu otoritelerinin denetimi alt\u0131nda olup kamu kaynaklar\u0131 ile finanse edilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, belirli bir kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6zeterek faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr, faaliyetler ise genellikle kanunlar ile d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozel_Hukuk_Tuzel_Kisileri\"><\/span>\u00d6zel Hukuk T\u00fczel Ki\u015fileri<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bireyler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6zel ama\u00e7larla kurulan, \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi olan kurulu\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6rnek olarak ticaret \u015firketleri, dernekler, vak\u0131flar g\u00f6sterilebilir. K\u00e2r elde etmek, belirli bir sosyal veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7larla kurulabilir. \u00d6zel hukuk t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, kendi i\u00e7 yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve faaliyet alanlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak hareket eder. Faaliyetler ise kurulu\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri, ilgili kanunlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fczenlenir. Yani, kendi adlar\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapabilir, i\u015flemlerden do\u011fan hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin kendisine ait olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuzel_Kisi_Unvani_Nasil_Alinir\"><\/span>T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00dcnvan\u0131 Nas\u0131l Al\u0131n\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015fi \u00fcnvan\u0131 almak, belirli hukuki prosed\u00fcrleri gerektiren bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Ancak s\u00fcre\u00e7 t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin t\u00fcr\u00fcne ya da faaliyet alan\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. \u00dcnvana sahip olmak i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin kurulu\u015f amac\u0131, yap\u0131s\u0131 ve faaliyet alanlar\u0131n\u0131 belirten bir belge haz\u0131rlaman\u0131z gerekir. Belge, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re kurulu\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, t\u00fcz\u00fck veya ana s\u00f6zle\u015fme olabilir. Daha sonra haz\u0131rlanan kurulu\u015f belgesini ilgili devlet organ\u0131na veya yetkili makama sunabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin; bir \u015firket kurmak i\u00e7in ticaret siciline ba\u015fvuruda bulunman\u0131z gerekir. Yetkili makam taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan incelemeler sonucunda, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin kurulmas\u0131na karar verilirse resmi kay\u0131t i\u015flemleri tamamlan\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada, ticaret sicil numaras\u0131 veya di\u011fer resmi kimlik numaras\u0131 al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Resmi kay\u0131ttan sonra faaliyete ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gerekli izinleri al\u0131p belirlenen kurallar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde faaliyetlerinizi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t<!--HubSpot Call-to-Action Code -->\n\t\t<span class=\"hs-cta-wrapper\" id=\"hs-cta-wrapper-b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b\">\n\t\t<span class=\"hs-cta-node hs-cta-b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b\" id=\"b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b\">\n\t\t<!--[if lte IE 8]>\n\t\t<div id=\"hs-cta-ie-element\"><\/div>\n\t\t<![endif]-->\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cta-redirect.hubspot.com\/cta\/redirect\/5318651\/b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"hs-cta-img\" id=\"hs-cta-img-b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b\" style=\"border-width:0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/no-cache.hubspot.com\/cta\/default\/5318651\/b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b.png\" alt=\"New call-to-action\" title=\"\">\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<script charset=\"utf-8\" src=\"\/\/js.hubspot.com\/cta\/current.js\"><\/script>\n\t\t<script>\n\t\thbspt.cta.load(5318651, 'b66fc90d-3b02-45da-9951-e8458a98254b', {});\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<!-- end HubSpot Call-to-Action Code -->\n\t\t\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular\"><\/span><strong>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fczel ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorulara buradan ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1720442048943\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anonim_Sirketler_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\"><\/span>Anonim \u015eirketler T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Anonim \u015firketler t\u00fczel ki\u015fidir. Anonim \u015firketler, hissedarlar taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan, belirli sermaye ile kurulan, kendi adlar\u0131na hak ve bor\u00e7 sahibi olabilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hukuki varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Kendi i\u00e7 yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00f6netim kurullar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir, hukuki i\u015flemlerini kendi adlar\u0131na yapar.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1720442058983\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Limited_Sirket_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\"><\/span>Limited \u015eirket T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Limited \u015firketler de t\u00fczel ki\u015fidir. Limited \u015firketler, ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirli sermaye ile kurduklar\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sorumluluk esas\u0131na g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerdir. Ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu sermaye paylar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutar, kendi adlar\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapabilir.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1720442068964\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kimler_Tuzel_Kisi_Unvani_Alabilir\"><\/span>Kimler T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi \u00dcnvan\u0131 Alabilir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Limited \u015firketler de t\u00fczel ki\u015fidir. Limited \u015firketler, ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirli sermaye ile kurduklar\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sorumluluk esas\u0131na g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerdir. Ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu sermaye paylar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutar, kendi adlar\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapabilir.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1720442094608\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Adi_Sirket_Tuzel_Kisi_midir\"><\/span>Adi \u015eirket T\u00fczel Ki\u015fi midir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Adi \u015firketler t\u00fczel ki\u015fi de\u011fildir. Adi \u015firketler, iki veya daha fazla ki\u015finin belirli ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 basit ortakl\u0131klard\u0131r. Adi \u015firketler, t\u00fczel ki\u015filik kazanmazlar, yani \u00a0kendi adlar\u0131na hak ya da bor\u00e7 sahibi olamazlar.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modern toplumlar\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde, bireyler ve kurulu\u015flar \u00e7e\u015fitli hukuki stat\u00fclere sahiptir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi kavramlar\u0131 da bu stat\u00fclerden biridir. Ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki farklar, hem bireyler hem de i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r ve bu farklar\u0131 bilmek, hukuki hak ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 daha iyi anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. \u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve toplumsal hayat\u0131m\u0131zda s\u0131k\u00e7a &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7540,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[382,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sirket-yonetimi","category-mukellef"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5281","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5281"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5281\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7541,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5281\/revisions\/7541"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mukellef.co\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}